Big Think Home Open search Open main menu Search What are you curious about? Popular SearchesCritical thinkingPhilosophyEmotional IntelligenceFree Will Latest Videos Latest Articles Topics PhilosophyEthicsReligionFlourishingKnowledgePhilosophy of SciencePhilosophy of ArtLanguagePolitical TheoryIdentityMeaning & PurposeScience & TechPhysicsBiologyAerospaceHealthGeologyComputingEngineeringEnergyBiotechnologyAstronomyMind & BehaviorPsychologyNeuroscienceDecision-MakingMental HealthConsciousnessEmotional IntelligencePersonalityRelationshipsParentingBusinessEntrepreneurshipLeadershipFinanceMarketingInnovationStrategyManagementArtificial IntelligenceStartupsEconomicsHistory & SocietyHistoryLiteratureArtMusicFilmProgressCultureSociologyPolicyGeopolitics Latest Videos Latest Videos See All Columns Classes Featured Classes Browse More NewslettersMonthly IssuesEventsBig Think+ LearningCreative StudioAdvertise with UsAboutCareers View our Twitter (X) feed View our Youtube channel View our Instagram feed View our Substack feed View our Spotify feed Sign In Membership My account My ClassesMy AccountMy ListBT+ for my BusinessEarly ReleasesSign Out Membership Latest Topics Back PhilosophyEthicsReligionFlourishingKnowledgePhilosophy of SciencePhilosophy of ArtLanguagePolitical TheoryIdentityMeaning & PurposeScience & TechPhysicsBiologyAerospaceHealthGeologyComputingEngineeringEnergyBiotechnologyAstronomyMind & BehaviorPsychologyNeuroscienceDecision-MakingMental HealthConsciousnessEmotional IntelligencePersonalityRelationshipsParentingBusinessEntrepreneurshipLeadershipFinanceMarketingInnovationStrategyManagementArtificial IntelligenceStartupsEconomicsHistory & SocietyHistoryLiteratureArtMusicFilmProgressCultureSociologyPolicyGeopolitics Videos Back Latest Videos Columns Back Columns Classes Back Featured Classes My Account Back My ClassesMy AccountMy ListBT+ for my BusinessEarly ReleasesSign Out Sign In Membership More Back NewslettersMonthly IssuesEventsBig Think+ LearningCreative StudioAdvertise with UsAboutCareers View our Twitter (X) feed View our Youtube channel View our Instagram feed View our Substack feed View our Spotify feed View our Twitter (X) feed View our Youtube channel View our Instagram feed View our Substack feed View our Spotify feed Search What are you curious about? Popular SearchesCritical thinkingPhilosophyEmotional IntelligenceFree Will Latest Videos Latest Articles Raphael Sarfati Raphael Sarfati, Postdoctoral Associate, University of Colorado Boulder Read Less